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THE TRANSPORT CO.,LTD​

Introduction to Transportation From Mini Econ Batch 2 by Transport Co., Ltd. (BorKorSor)Data as of July 11, 2002 Transportation refers to the movement of goods, animals, or people from one place to another. It includes the transportation of items or living beings that cannot move themselves (e.g., goods, animals) as well as the facilitation of movement for humans or passengers capable of self-relocation. In essence, transportation focuses on enhancing convenience and satisfaction in changing locations. Key Components of Transportation Routes (Way) Stations (Terminal) Vehicles (Carrying Unit) Propulsion Systems (Motive Power) 1. Routes (Way) Routes are foundational infrastructures enabling vehicles to travel between destinations. They can be categorized into:      1.1 Types of Routes Natural routes: Rivers, forest trails, mountain passes, and open skies. Improved natural routes: Enhanced natural routes like dredged rivers. Man-made routes: Includes elevated roads, underground roads, and tunnels through mountains or straits for vehicles or trains.      1.2 Ownership Rights     Routes may be publicly funded through taxes and fees, making them accessible to the public (e.g., roads). Private entities also develop toll roads and elevated highways, charging users for maintenance and operational costs.      1.3 Regulation and Control     Routes require proper traffic management systems, including signage and traffic rules, to ensure orderly usage. For instance, air traffic relies on radar systems, while roads use lane markings and signs.      1.4 Characteristics of Different Routes Roads: Public roads often connect with other transportation modes (e.g., railways, ports). They provide “door-to-door” service but require regular maintenance. Railways: Rail systems are efficient for large-scale transportation, though limited to fixed routes. High-speed railways can compete with air travel over long distances. Waterways: Rivers and canals are cost-effective but slow, suitable for heavy goods like sand and rice. Oceans allow for global trade and passenger cruises. Airways: Air routes are the fastest but the most expensive mode of transportation, ideal for time-sensitive cargo and long-distance travel. Pipelines: Used for liquids and gases, pipelines are efficient but involve high initial investment. 2. Stations (Terminal) Stations are critical hubs in transportation, serving both passengers and vehicles:      Functions of Stations Refueling, servicing, and maintaining vehicles. Facilitating transfers between modes of transport (e.g., buses to trains). Organizing traffic flow for smooth operations.      Passenger Services Loading/unloading passengers and goods. Offering convenience for transfers and waiting times, including food, restrooms, and seating facilities.      Station Location     Stations should be conveniently located near communities or commercial hubs. They must balance accessibility with minimizing congestion and environmental impact.   3. Vehicles (Carrying Units)      Vehicles are mobile units equipped for specific transportation needs.      Key Considerations for Vehicle Design Suitability for the market and type of route. Compatibility with passenger/cargo volume and environmental conditions. Efficiency and cost-effectiveness through mass production.      Types of Vehicles Road Vehicles: Ranges from bicycles to buses, trucks, and private cars. Rail Vehicles: Includes trains for urban, suburban, or long-distance travel. Water Vehicles: Boats and ships designed for rivers, canals, or oceans. Air Vehicles: Aircraft for rapid and long-distance travel. 4. Propulsion Systems (Motive Power) Propulsion systems power vehicles, varying by energy type (diesel, electric, etc.) and mode of transport.      Components of Transport Services Vehicles: Selection based on technical and operational needs. Routes: Proper usage rights and compliance with legal regulations. Stations: Facilities for contact and operations. Service Points: Mandatory stops for maintenance and rest. Personnel: Trained staff for vehicles, stations, and operational facilities. Transport Operators: Public, private, or contractual service providers. Regulations: Compliance with local and international transport laws.      Transportation Operators Public transport operators. Contracted or private transport providers. Freight operators and station managers.      Regulations and Legal Framework      Operators must comply with national and international regulations, such as vehicle registration laws and safety protocols, overseen by authorities like: Department of Land Transport. Department of Marine Affairs. Ministry of Transport. Transportation systems are integral to mobility, commerce, and societal connectivity. The balance between infrastructure, operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance ensures sustainable and effective transport services. Let me know if you’d like more details on any section! Share this… Facebook Line Twitter Pinterest

Regulations and Guidelines for Joint-Venture Buses with Transport Co., Ltd., 2004 Overview of Concessions in Thai State Enterprises (Joint-Venture Buses with TCL.) Transport Co., Ltd. (BorKorSor) was established on July 13, 1930, initially under the name Thai Airways Company, Ltd. The company pioneered commercial aviation in Thailand and provided bus services between Bangkok–Lopburi and Bangkok–Prachinburi. In 1938, it became a state enterprise under the Ministry of Transport. In 1957, Field Marshal Sarit Thanarat ordered the reorganization of bus transportation, granting BorKorSor exclusive concessions for Category 2 interprovincial routes (Bangkok to other provinces). The Department of Land Transport set the concession period (renewable every seven years), along with fares, schedules, vehicle types, routes, and stops. BorKorSor ensured fair management and opened opportunities for private operators to participate. As of today, there are over 7,000 joint-venture buses operating on 309 routes, and BorKorSor manages 119 bus terminals nationwide.   Key Features of the Joint-Venture Contract Contract Type: Build-Transfer-Operate Private operators procure buses but must transfer ownership to BorKorSor before operations. Operators are responsible for vehicle preparation, including body painting (BorKorSor branding, route details, and vehicle number), seating arrangements, and other specifications. Responsibilities of Private Operators Hiring staff and maintenance personnel. Maintaining the transferred buses in good condition. Paying all fees, taxes, penalties, and third-party liability insurance. Providing a security deposit based on vehicle type, with a minimum of 100,000 THB per bus. Vehicle Standards and Licensing Buses must meet the standards specified by the Department of Land Transport. Requirements include structural stability, safety equipment, and proper licensing. For premium buses (e.g., First-Class Air-Conditioned Buses), additional services such as restrooms, food and drink service, baggage storage, and onboard announcements are mandatory. Revenue Sharing and Penalties Revenue Sharing Private operators pay BorKorSor a daily fee equal to the fare for one passenger per trip on the designated route. Operational Rules Operators cannot involve unauthorized buses on the route. Fines and penalties: 100 THB/day for failing to operate without prior notice. 200 THB/day for suspending service for more than seven days. Unauthorized usage for other activities incurs a fine of 500 THB/day unless prior permission is obtained. Damage Liability If accidents or damages occur, private operators are liable for compensation. BorKorSor may withhold or sell the bus to cover damages. Employee Conduct Operators must ensure staff follow regulations. Misconduct requires immediate replacement of personnel, or BorKorSor may assign its staff at the operator’s expense. Contract Renewal and Termination Operators must notify BorKorSor 60 days before contract expiration to renew the contract. Upon contract termination, operators must remove all BorKorSor branding, vehicle numbers, and other identifiers at their expense before reclaiming ownership.   Interprovincial Bus Categories Category 2: Bangkok to other provinces (operated by BorKorSor and joint-venture buses). Category 3: Interprovincial routes not passing through Bangkok (operated by private operators). Category 4: Intradistrict or intra-provincial routes (operated by private operators). BorKorSor ensures fairness, service quality, and compliance with government policies while enabling private sector participation to meet public demand efficiently. Let me know if you’d like further clarification or additional details! Share this… Facebook Line Twitter Pinterest